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Annals of Occupational Hygiene Advance Access published online on July 27, 2004
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, doi:10.1093/annhyg/meh047
Copyright © 2004 by the British Occupational Hygiene Society.
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Received January 20, 2004
Accepted March 15, 2004

Article

A Method for Assessing Occupational Dermal Exposure to Permanent Hair Dyes

Marie-Louise Lind 1*, Anders Boman 2, Jouni Surakka 3, Jan Sollenberg 2, Birgitta Meding 4

1 Occupational Dermatology, National Institute for Working Life, SE-113 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
2 Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
3 Swedish Work Environment Authority, Ekelundsvägen 16, SE-171 84 Solna, Sweden
4 Occupational Dermatology, National Institute for Working Life, SE-113 91 Stockholm, Sweden

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: marie-louise.lind{at}niwl.se.


  Abstract

Hairdressers have an increased risk of developing occupational skin diseases due to exposure to skin irritants and sensitizers. In the present work a method of assessing dermal exposure to permanent hair dyes was developed. The sampling performance characteristics of hand wash sampling with bag rinsing were studied for five hair dye compounds. The effect of residence time, sample load and different matrices were studied. Thirty volunteers were exposed to a reference solution of these compounds and to commercial hair dye products. The sampling efficiency after 5 min residence time was between 70 and 90% for the dye components in the hair dye products. Sampling efficiency decreases with increasing residence time, making the time of sampling an important factor. Hand wash sampling should be performed as soon as possible after the work task of interest. We conclude that the sampling efficiency is adequate for measurements of dermal exposure to permanent hair dyes. Hand wash sampling with bag rinsing is a useful tool for field studies of dermal exposure assessment in hairdressers.


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