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Annals of Occupational Hygiene Advance Access originally published online on February 14, 2008
Annals of Occupational Hygiene 2008 52(2):99-105; doi:10.1093/annhyg/mem069
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Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Occupational Hygiene Society

Field Measurement of Diesel Particulate Matter Emissions

Jon C. Volkwein1,*, Steven E. Mischler1, Brian Davies2 and Clive Ellis3,{dagger}

1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh Research Laboratory, PO Box 18070, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA
2 School of Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
3 NSW Department of Mineral Resources, PO Box 76, Lidcombe, NSW 2141, Australia

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: 412-386-6689; fax: 412-386-4917; e-mail: jdv1{at}cdc.gov

A primary means to reduce environmental levels of diesel particulate matter (DPM) exposure to miners is to reduce the amount of DPM emission from the engine. A quick and economic method to estimate engine particulate emission levels has been developed. The method relies on the measurement of pressure increase across a filter element that is briefly used to collect a DPM sample directly from the engine exhaust. The method has been refined with the inclusion of an annular aqueous denuder to the tube which permits dry filter samples to be obtained without addition of dilution air. Tailpipe filter samples may then be directly collected in hot and water-supersaturated exhaust gas flows from water bath-cooled coal mine engines without the need for dilution air.

Measurement of a differential pressure (DP) increase with time has been related to the mass of elemental carbon (EC) on the filter. Results for laboratory and field measurements of the method showed agreement between DP increase and EC collected on the filter with R2 values >0.86. The relative standard deviation from replicate samples of DP and EC was 0.16 and 0.11, respectively. The method may also have applications beyond mining, where qualitative evaluation of engine emissions is desirable to determine if engine or control technology maintenance may be required.

Keywords: diesel exhaust • diesel particulate • direct-reading instruments

{dagger} Now retired.

Received December 11, 2006; in final form December 17, 2007


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