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Ann. occup. Hyg., Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 43-56, 2000
© 2000 British Occupational Hygiene Society
Published by Oxford University Press
Statistical Modelling of the Determinants of Historical Exposure to Bitumen and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Among Paving Workers
,
,*
Environmental and Occupational Health Group, Wageningen University PO Box 238, 6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands;
Institute of Occupational Health Topeliuksenkatu 41aA, 00250, Helsinki, Finland;
Unit of Environmental Cancer Epidemiology, International Agency for Research on Cancer 150 cours Albert-Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Fax: (+ 31) 317 485 278; E-mail: Hans.Kromhout{at}staff.eoh.wau.nl
Introduction: An industrial hygiene database has been constructed for the exposure assessment in a study of cancer risk among asphalt workers.
Aim: To create models of bitumen and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) exposure intensity among paving workers.
Methods: Individual exposure measurements from pavers (N = 1581) were collected from 8 countries. Correlation patterns between exposure measures were examined and factors affecting exposure were identified using statistical modelling.
Results: Inhalable dust appeared to be a good proxy of bitumen fume exposure. Bitumen fume and vapour levels were not correlated. Benzo(a)pyrene level appeared to be a good indicator of PAH exposure. All exposures steadily declined over the last 20 years. Mastic laying, re-paving, surface dressing, oil gravel paving and asphalt temperature were significant determinants of bitumen exposure. Coal tar use dictated PAH exposure levels.
Discussion: Bitumen fume, vapour and PAH have different determinants of exposure. For paving workers, exposure intensity can be assessed on the basis of time period and production characteristics. © 2000 British Occupational Hygiene Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
determinants of exposure • road construction • asphalt • mastic • coal tar • retrospective exposure assessment • database • multicentric study • bitumen
Received June 30, 1999; in final form September 28, 1999
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