Skip Navigation


Annals of Occupational Hygiene Advance Access originally published online on May 17, 2004
This Article
Right arrow Full Text Freely available
Right arrow FREE Full Text (PDF) Freely available
Right arrow All Versions of this Article:
48/5/393    most recent
meh021v1
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in ISI Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Search for citing articles in:
ISI Web of Science (13)
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by WOSKIE, S. R.
Right arrow Articles by CULLEN, M.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by WOSKIE, S. R.
Right arrow Articles by CULLEN, M.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?

Ann. occup. Hyg., Vol. 48, No. 5, pp. 393-403, 2004
© 2004 British Occupational Hygiene Society
Published by Oxford University Press

Determinants of Isocyanate Exposures in Auto Body Repair and Refinishing Shops

S. R. WOSKIE1,*, J. SPARER2, R. J. GORE1, M. STOWE2, D. BELLO1, Y. LIU2, F. YOUNGS1, C. REDLICH2, E. EISEN1 and M. CULLEN2

1 Department of Work Environment, University of Massachusetts–Lowell, One University Avenue, Lowell, MA 01854, USA; 2 Yale Occupational and Environmental Medicine Program, Yale School of Medicine, 135 College Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA

Received 21 July 2003; in final form 18 November 2003; published online on 7 July 2003

As part of the Survey of Painters and Repairers of Auto bodies by Yale (SPRAY), the determinants of isocyanate exposure in auto body repair shops were evaluated. Measurements (n = 380) of hexamethylene diisocyanate-based monomer and polyisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate-based polyisocyanate were collected from 33 auto body shops. The median total reactive isocyanate concentrations expressed as mass concentration of the NCO functional group were: 206 µg NCO/m3 for spray operations; 0.93 µg NCO/m3 for samples collected in the vicinity of spray operations done on the shop floor (near spray); 0.05 µg NCO/m3 for office or other shop areas adjacent to spray areas (workplace background); 0.17 µg NCO/m3 for paint mixing and gun cleaning operations (mixing); 0.27 µg NCO/m3 for sanding operations. Exposure determinants for the sample NCO mass load were identified using linear regression, tobit regression and logistic regression models. For spray samples in a spray booth the significant determinants were the number of milliliters of NCO applied, the gallons of clear coat used by the shop each month and the type of spray booth used (custom built crossdraft, prefabricated crossdraft or downdraft/semi-downdraft). For near spray (bystander) samples, outdoor temperature >65°F (18°C) and shop size >5000 feet2 (465 m2) were significant determinants of exposure levels. For workplace background samples the shop annual income was the most important determinant. For sanding samples, the shop annual income and outdoor temperature >65°F (18°C) were the most significant determinants. Identification of these key exposure determinants will be useful in targeting exposure evaluation and control efforts to reduce isocyanate exposures.

Keywords: auto body; exposure determinants; isocyanate; statistical modeling


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 ANN OCCUP HYGHome page
S. L. Flack, K. W. Fent, L. G. Trelles Gaines, J. M. Thomasen, S. Whittaker, L. M. Ball, and L. A. Nylander-French
Quantitative Plasma Biomarker Analysis in HDI Exposure Assessment
Ann. Hyg., January 1, 2010; 54(1): 41 - 54.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ANN OCCUP HYGHome page
K. W. Fent, L. G. T. Gaines, J. M. Thomasen, S. L. Flack, K. Ding, A. H. Herring, S. G. Whittaker, and L. A. Nylander-French
Quantification and Statistical Modeling--Part I: Breathing-Zone Concentrations of Monomeric and Polymeric 1,6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate
Ann. Hyg., October 1, 2009; 53(7): 677 - 689.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ANN OCCUP HYGHome page
Y. Liu, M. H. Stowe, D. Bello, J. Sparer, R. J. Gore, M. R. Cullen, C. A. Redlich, and S. R. Woskie
Skin Exposure to Aliphatic Polyisocyanates in the Auto Body Repair and Refinishing Industry: III. A Personal Exposure Algorithm
Ann. Hyg., January 1, 2009; 53(1): 33 - 40.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ANN OCCUP HYGHome page
I. Bobeldijk, D. Karlsson, A. Pronk, J. Gonsalves, M. Hekman, D. Van De Lagemaat, L. Preller, D. Heederik, and G. Skarping
Validation of Transferability of DBA Derivatization and LC-MS/MS Determination Method for Isocyanates via an Interlaboratory Comparison
Ann. Hyg., November 1, 2008; 52(8): 757 - 763.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ANN OCCUP HYGHome page
D. Bello, C. A. Redlich, M. H. Stowe, J. Sparer, S. R. Woskie, R. P. Streicher, H. D. Hosgood, and Y. Liu
Skin Exposure to Aliphatic Polyisocyanates in the Auto Body Repair and Refinishing Industry: II. A Quantitative Assessment
Ann. Hyg., March 1, 2008; 52(2): 117 - 124.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ANN OCCUP HYGHome page
Y. LIU, D. BELLO, J. A. SPARER, M. H. STOWE, R. J. GORE, S. R. WOSKIE, M. R. CULLEN, and C. A. REDLICH
Skin Exposure to Aliphatic Polyisocyanates in the Auto Body Repair and Refinishing Industry: A Qualitative Assessment
Ann. Hyg., July 1, 2007; 51(5): 429 - 439.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ANN OCCUP HYGHome page
K. S. CREELY, G. W. HUGHSON, J. COCKER, and K. JONES
Assessing Isocyanate Exposures in Polyurethane Industry Sectors Using Biological and Air Monitoring Methods
Ann. Hyg., August 1, 2006; 50(6): 609 - 621.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ANN OCCUP HYGHome page
A. PRONK, E. TIELEMANS, G. SKARPING, I. BOBELDIJK, J. VAN HEMMEN, D. HEEDERIK, and L. PRELLER
Inhalation Exposure to Isocyanates of Car Body Repair Shop Workers and Industrial Spray Painters
Ann. Hyg., January 1, 2006; 50(1): 1 - 14.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Disclaimer: Please note that abstracts for content published before 1996 were created through digital scanning and may therefore not exactly replicate the text of the original print issues. All efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, but the Publisher will not be held responsible for any remaining inaccuracies. If you require any further clarification, please contact our Customer Services Department.