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Ann. occup. Hyg., Vol. 44, No. 5, pp. 361-374, 2000
© 2000 British Occupational Hygiene Society
Published by Oxford University Press

Regression method to estimate provisional TLV/WEEL-equivalents for non-carcinogens

David A. Whaley, Michael D. Attfield, Erik J. Bedillion, Kenneth M. Walter and Quilong Yi

Department of Industrial Management Systems Engineering, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 6070, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), CDC, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA GE Power Systems, 2690 Balltown Road, Bldg. 600, Schenectady, NY 12309, USA OO-ALC/EMC, 7274 Wardleigh Road., Hill AFB, UT 84056-5137, USA University of Toronto, Biostatistics Division, Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, 12 Queens Park Crescent, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8

Tel.: +1 304 293 2742; fax: +1 304 293 4970

Received 4 December, 1998; Revised 11 October, 1999.

There is a huge and changing number of chemicals in commerce for which workplace exposure criteria have not been assigned. Assigning an exposure criterion by an expert committee is resource-intensive—not soon available for the large majority of chemicals in current use. In the absence of assigned criteria, we have provided a regression method to estimate a first-screen estimate of a ‘TLV/WEEL-equivalent’ inhalation time-weighted average exposure criterion for a pure chemical (or chemical group) from a measure of a non-stochastic toxic exposure to elicit a chronic or sub-chronic health effect, known as a lowest observable adverse effect level (LOAEL) or a (highest) no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL). Results are presented for six data sets for which both a threshold limit value (TLV) or workplace environmental exposure level (WEEL) exposure criterion is presently assigned, and a LOAEL or NOAEL measure of toxic health effect was available from the United States Environmental Protection Agency Integrated Risk Information System data base. The results can be applied as a first estimate of exposure to substances for which no TLV or WEEL (TLV/WEEL) exists, and also serve as a mechanism for identifying substances for potential re-evaluation of their exposure limit, based on their relative position about the prediction models.

TLV; WEEL; exposure criterion; regression; toxicity estimates; exposure limits


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